World trade center twin towers construction

It opened on April 4,and was destroyed during the September 11 attacks in

Kennedy announced the U. Building the new towers would marshal unprecedented levels of design innovation, engineering prowess — and breathtaking risk. Born into a poor family of Japanese immigrants in Seattle, Washington, Minoru Yamasaki put himself through college working in fish canneries in Alaska. He started his career in New York, working for the firm that built the Empire State Building, and rose to helm his own firm in Detroit. The Port Authority chose Yamasaki based on his proposal to design a vast trade center that still had the intimate, human-focused qualities of his other designs. Perhaps motivated by self-interest as well as concern, a group of leading New York City real estate developers unsuccessfully challenged the Port Authority to scale down its proposal for the World Trade Center beginning in Led by Lawrence Wien, an owner of the Empire State Building, the Committee for a Reasonable World Trade Center joined a growing number of critics arguing that the twin towers would be unstable at such a massive height—and unsafe in the case of an airplane collision or fire.

World trade center twin towers construction

The World Trade Center was originally planned to be built on the east side of Lower Manhattan, but the New Jersey and New York state governments, which oversee the Port Authority, could not agree on this location. The Port Authority hired architect Minoru Yamasaki , who came up with the specific idea for twin towers. The towers were designed as framed tube structures , which provided tenants with open floor plans, uninterrupted by columns or walls. This was accomplished using numerous closely spaced perimeter columns to provide much of the strength to the structure, along with gravity load shared with the core columns. The elevator system, which made use of sky lobbies and a system of express and local elevators, allowed substantial floor space to be freed up for use as office space by making the structural core smaller. The design and construction of the World Trade Center, most centrally its twin towers, involved many other innovative techniques, such as the slurry wall for digging the foundation , and wind tunnel experiments. Extensive use of prefabricated components helped to speed up the construction process. Four other low-level buildings were constructed as part of the World Trade Center in the early s, and the complex was mostly complete by A seventh building, 7 World Trade Center , was opened in In , Austin J. Tobin became the Executive Director of the Port Authority , beginning a year career during which he oversaw the planning and development of the World Trade Center. In , a year after the war formally ended, the New York State Legislature passed a bill that called for a "world trade center" to be established. This trade center would increase New York City's role in transatlantic trade. Dewey to develop plans for the project. One estimated that the World Trade Center project would only be successful if at least 4, of the United States' largest 6, companies were involved.

Archived PDF from the original on February 8, The New York City building codes did not require sprinklers for high-rise buildings, except for underground spaces.

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Completed in , the towers stood at stories each, accommodating 50, workers and , daily visitors in 10 million square feet of space. On September 11, , the World Trade Center became the target of a massive terrorist attack that took the lives of nearly 3, people. The disaster also radically altered the skyline of New York City, destroying the twin columns of glass and steel that over the years had come to embody the city itself. Aldrich, headed a new state agency with the proposed goal of creating a permanent trade exposition based in New York. Market research indicated that the city would benefit more by modernizing its ports, however, and the plan was soon scrapped.

World trade center twin towers construction

The towers' eye-popping statistics amply illustrate that ambition: They rose a quarter-mile in the sky. They contained 15 miles of elevator shafts and nearly 44, windows—which took 20 days to wash. From the South Tower observation deck on a clear day, visitors could see 45 miles. The Trade Center complex was so big, it had its own zip code. But some of the same impressive architectural elements may have also helped worsen the tragedy on the fateful morning of September 11, These facts and figures offer some perspective on the engineering and architectural feats that made the Twin Towers possible.

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Retrieved July 28, Archived from the original on June 9, At the time, it was not considered economical to build an office building with more than 80 floors. Retrieved November 30, Science, engineering, and speculation". June 1, Towards the end of , work began on building the slurry wall, led by Montreal -based Icanda, a subsidiary of an Italian engineering firm, Impresa Costruzioni Opere Specializzate I. The first logo, used from to , consisted of two open rectangles with one upside down. Archived PDF from the original on August 16, June 12, Yamasaki's design for the World Trade Center, unveiled to the public on January 18 , , called for a square plan approximately feet 63 m in dimension on each side. When the meeting occurred in mid-June , Nadel immediately rejected Tobin's proposal to give him a storefront space in the World Trade Center. Johns Hopkins University. Led by Lawrence Wien, an owner of the Empire State Building, the Committee for a Reasonable World Trade Center joined a growing number of critics arguing that the twin towers would be unstable at such a massive height—and unsafe in the case of an airplane collision or fire.

Kennedy announced the U. Building the new towers would marshal unprecedented levels of design innovation, engineering prowess — and breathtaking risk.

Former development in Manhattan, New York. Retrieved January 4, Category WikiProject. The National September 11 Museum has preserved many of the works that feature depictions of the original World Trade Center. Archived from the original on May 2, Downtown Express. In all, workers used some , tons of steel to construct the twin towers of the World Trade Center. Retrieved July 17, The Pentagon of Power. The spandrel plates were located at each floor, transmitting shear stress between columns, allowing them to work together in resisting lateral loads. Retrieved October 12,