Persian calendar

Persian Calendar Persian Calendar.

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Persian calendar

One of the longest chronological records in human history, the Iranian calendar has been modified many times for administrative, climatic, and religious purposes. The most influential person in laying the frameworks for the calendar and its precision was the 11th century Persian polymath , hakim Omar Khayyam. The modern Iranian calendar is currently the official civil calendar in Iran. The Iranian New Year begins at the midnight nearest to the instant of the northern spring equinox , as determined by astronomic calculations for the meridian It is, therefore, an observation-based calendar, unlike the Gregorian , which is rule-based. The earliest evidence of Iranian calendrical traditions is from the second millennium BC and possibly even predates the appearance of the Iranian prophet Zoroaster. The first fully preserved calendar is that of the Achaemenids , a royal dynasty of the 5th century BC who gave rise to Zoroastrianism. Throughout recorded history, Persians have been keen on the idea and importance of having a calendar. They were among the first cultures to use a solar calendar and have long favoured a solar over lunar and lunisolar approaches. The sun has always been a religious and divine symbol in Iranian culture and is the origin of the folklore regarding Cyrus the Great. Old Persian inscriptions and tablets indicate that early Iranians used a day calendar based on the solar observation directly and modified for their beliefs. Days were not named. The months had two or three divisions depending on the phase of the moon. Twelve months of 30 days were named for festivals or activities of the pastoral year. An intercalation month was added periodically to keep the calendar synchronized with the seasons.

Madan, I, pp.

Officially used in Iran and Afghanistan, the Solar Hijri calendar is one of the world's most accurate calendar systems. The Solar Hijri calendar is not to be confused with the Islamic Hijri calendar used in many Muslim countries and by Muslims around the world. The Solar Hijri calendar is a solar calendar , meaning that its time reckoning is based on the Earth's movements around the Sun. Unlike the Gregorian calendar , which follows a set of predetermined rules to stay in sync with the solar year , the Solar Hijri calendar is based on astronomical observations. The year begins at midnight closest to the vernal equinox in Iran—specifically at the Iran Standard Time meridian at longitude The first day of the new year is called Nowruz , and it is celebrated around the world by Iranian people.

Online chat. The Solar Hijri calendar is not to be confused with the Hijri calendar used in many Muslim countries and by Muslims around the world. Unlike the Gregorian calendar, which follows a set of predetermined rules to stay in sync with the solar year, the Solar Hijri calendar is based on astronomical observations. The year begins at midnight closest to the vernal equinox in Iran — specifically at the Iran Standard Time meridian at longitude The first day of the new year is called Nowruz, and it is celebrated around the world by Iranian people. Tying the Solar Hijri calendar so closely to the astronomical seasons makes it much more accurate than the Gregorian calendar, which, even in its modern form, deviates from the solar year by 1 day in years.

Persian calendar

The Solar Hijri calendar [a] is a solar calendar and one of the various Iranian calendars. It begins on the March equinox as determined by the astronomical calculation for the Iran Standard Time meridian It is the modern principal calendar in Iran and is sometimes also called the Shamsi calendar and Khorshidi calendar. The ancient Iranian Solar calendar is one of the oldest calendars in the world, as well as the most accurate solar calendar in use today. Since the calendar uses astronomical calculation for determining the vernal equinox , it has no intrinsic error. Each of the twelve months corresponds with a zodiac sign , and in Afghanistan the names of the zodiacal signs were used for the months; [b] elsewhere the month names are the same as in the Zoroastrian calendar. The first six months have 31 days, the next five have 30 days, and the last month has 29 days in common years but 30 days in leap years. While Nowruz is celebrated by communities in a wide range of countries from the Balkans to Mongolia , the Solar Hijri calendar itself remains only in official use in Iran.

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Tir 8 Mo: Doshanbeh: The months of the Zoroastrian calendar Table This average is just 0. The Afghan lunar calendar Notes: 1. Mehr 3 Th: Panjshanbeh: Tir 17 We: Chaharshanbeh: Azar 29 Fr: Jomeh: 9. Similarly, to jump back by one year cycle, move ahead by one weekday. Instead, it is the number of days between two vernal equinoxes that determines if Esfand has 29 or 30 days. Some predictive algorithms had been suggested, but were inaccurate due to confusion between the average tropical year Israel United States. Calculating the day of the week is easy, using an anchor date. Supplementary material dialect forms is to be found in Lentz, pp. Shahrivar 13 Fr: Jomeh:

The Solar Hijri calendar is not to be confused with the Hijri calendar used in many Muslim countries and by Muslims around the world.

Tools Tools. Esfand 19 Tu: Seshhanbeh: Ahang: Play and Discover Music. Here is the calendar for AD — Mehr 28 Sa: Shanbeh: 7. Lunar Lunisolar Solar. In , Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi changed the origin of the calendar to the beginning of Cyrus the Great 's reign as its first year, rather than the Hijra of Muhammad. Farvardin 19 Fr: Jomeh: Esfand 9 Sa: Shanbeh: Ginzel, I, p. The unified Achaemenid Empire required a distinctive Iranian calendar, and one was devised in Egyptian tradition, with 12 months of 30 days, each dedicated to a yazata Eyzad , and four divisions resembling the Semitic week.