Conspiracy theory iceberg

The iceberg theory or theory of omission is a writing technique coined by American writer Ernest Hemingway. As a young journalist, Conspiracy theory iceberg had to focus his newspaper reports on immediate events, with very little context or interpretation. When he became a writer of short stories, he retained this minimalistic style, conspiracy theory iceberg, focusing on surface elements without explicitly discussing underlying themes. Hemingway believed the deeper meaning of a story should not be evident on the surface, but should shine through implicitly.

This is a list of notable conspiracy theories. Many conspiracy theories relate to supposed clandestine government plans and elaborate murder plots. In principle, conspiracy theories might not always be false, and their validity depends on evidence as for any theory. However, they are often implausible prima facie due to their convoluted and all-encompassing nature. Psychologists sometimes attribute proclivities toward conspiracy theories to a number of psychopathological conditions such as paranoia , schizotypy , narcissism , and insecure attachment , [4] or to a form of cognitive bias called " illusory pattern perception ".

Conspiracy theory iceberg

Federal government websites often end in. The site is secure. Conspiracy theories play a troubling role in political discourse. Online forums provide a valuable window into everyday conspiracy theorizing, and can give a clue to the motivations and interests of those who post in such forums. Yet this online activity can be difficult to quantify and study. We describe a unique approach to studying online conspiracy theorists which used non-negative matrix factorization to create a topic model of authors' contributions to the main conspiracy forum on Reddit. This subreddit provides a large corpus of comments which spans many years and numerous authors. We show that within the forum, there are multiple sub-populations distinguishable by their loadings on different topics in the model. Further, we argue, these differences are interpretable as differences in background beliefs and motivations. The diversity of the distinct subgroups places constraints on theories of what generates conspiracy theorizing. Neither simple irrationality nor common preoccupations can account for the observed diversity. Instead, we suggest, those who endorse conspiracies seem to be primarily brought together by epistemological concerns, and that these central concerns link an otherwise heterogenous group of individuals. Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that the American commitment to freedom of association prevented the formation of conspiracies de Tocqueville, Considering recent political discourse, this seems optimistic.

Yahoo News. Southern Poverty Law CenterSummer.

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The Conspiracy Theory Iceberg represents the vast landscape of conspiracy theories, each with varying depths of truth. Some theories may be grounded in legitimate evidence and alternative explanations, while others are built on speculation and misinformation. Conspiracy theories have a profound impact on society, shaping public perception and influencing political discourse. They often challenge established narratives, raise questions about hidden agendas, and question the actions of governments and institutions. The belief in conspiracies can lead to real-world consequences and create divisions among individuals and communities. In this article, we will explore the origins of conspiracy theories, the layers of secrecy surrounding hidden secrets, the belief in government cover-ups and the deep state, the influence of secret societies like the Illuminati, and the idea of truth hidden in plain sight. We will also examine the societal impacts of conspiracy theories and discuss ways to debunk and address them.

Conspiracy theory iceberg

An iceberg chart is a graphic used to break down elements of a certain topic in the same way we think of literal icebergs — a little visible on the surface, but a massive amount underneath. At the top are the best-known, simple topics. As the graphic goes deeper, so do the topics until they become less known and often darker.

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Copy Download. NZ Herald. Archived from the original on 16 August Retrieved 6 August However, one can equally well use topic modeling to explore the psychological motivations of the authors who make the comments. The idea of Black genocide in the United States holds that African Americans are the victims of genocide by white Americans. The Energy Machine of T. Washington CityPaper , 27 August Davies, Dave 28 January But they show different patterns of topic loading and different correlation patterns, suggesting important distinctions between groups who may well discuss the same events for superficially similar reasons. The US is a powerful country; it may simply be a convenient touchstone for a variety of otherwise different interests. The topics generated are quite sensitive to these parameters. The Denver Post.

You can help confirm this entry by contributing facts, media, and other evidence of notability and mutation. The Conspiracy Chart refers to an inverted pyramid graph of conspiracy theories mapped in accordance with how "grounded" they are in reality.

The logarithm was used as comment length varies over several orders of magnitude. Admiralty law Freeman on the land movement Redemption movement Sovereign citizens Strawman theory Tax protesters. Peter, Knight ed. Archived from the original on 9 January On the one hand, this is a difficult background assumption to independently validate. Further, some individuals in the group also write a staggering amount. Further information: "Crisis actor" as a conspiracy theory motif. Call this the iceberg model : it claims that monological believers are merely a small visible tip of a much larger heterogenous group. Team Jorge. Thus we think it unlikely that belief in conspiracy theories is straightforward evidence of irrationality. Global warming a myth? Archived from the original on 22 October